How long does it take to replace or maintain the lighting fixtures? How does LED bead attenuation (light flux/light output attenuation of LED) affect long-term use?

1. The kind of light source sets the basic lifespan.

LED lights: The theoretical lifespan can be more than 50,000 hours, but in real life, things like driving circuits and heat dissipation design need to be taken into account. For instance, in a workshop where the temperature stays the same, it is best to replace industrial machine tool LED work lights every 5 to 7 years. If you switch them on and off a lot, consumer-grade LED bulbs may only last 3 to 5 years.
Fluorescent bulb: The light decay curve displays a linear reduction, and the lamp lasts for roughly 10,000 to 20,000 hours. Fluorescent tubes in offices are routinely changed every two to three years to keep people from getting tired of the flicker.
Halogen lamp: it only lasts 5,000 to 10,000 hours and uses a lot of energy and makes a lot of heat. To keep driving safely at night, you should change your car's halogen headlights every one to two years.
2. Use a maintenance cycle that is better for the situation
In an industrial setting, machine tool work lights need to be able to handle tough conditions like oil spills and vibrations. A case study from a certain car factory demonstrates that LED machine lights that aren't cleaned often have their light decay rate sped up by 30% since heat can't escape, which means they only last 4 years instead of the expected 8 years.
Commercial display: LED displays used in outdoor advertising must have their LED chips' fault rate checked every three months. If there are more than 0.1% incorrect pixels, the module needs to be replaced so that the information can still be sent correctly.
Emergency lighting: Fire emergency lighting fixtures must fully follow the "Code for Maintenance and Management of Building Fire Protection Facilities." Every year, the battery capacity of self-contained battery-powered lights must be checked. If it drops by more than 20%, the lights must be replaced.
3. A maintenance plan can make things last longer.
Maintenance that stops problems before they happen: A certain office building has a "three-level maintenance system" that includes cleaning lampshades every day, monitoring voltage stability every month, and replacing old driving power supplies every year. This makes LED lighting last 40% longer.
Technological improvement: Using an intelligent dimming system that can change the brightness based on the amount of light in the room. In a given shopping mall, a case study shows that this method cuts the energy use of LED bulbs by 35% and slows down the rate of light decay to 2% per year.
2, The process and effects of LED light pearl degradation
1. The physical nature of light degradation

At the chip level, blue LED chips don't work as well at high temperatures when it comes to recombining electron holes, which means they don't throw out as much light. A test in a lab found that the Cree XLamp XP-G3 chip's life reduced dramatically from 90,000 hours to 10,000 hours when the junction temperature went up from 65 ℃ to 105 ℃.
At the level of the fluorescent powder: The crystal structure of yellow fluorescent powder slowly breaks down when blue light is used to excite it all the time. A test done by a certain display screen maker found that after 5000 hours of continuous use, the conversion efficiency of fluorescent powder dropped by 15%, causing the color temperature to shift by more than 500K.
Silicone packaging materials turn yellow when exposed to ultraviolet light, which lowers their transmittance from 92% to 78%. In one case of outdoor lighting fixtures, aged packaging caused the rate of light flux attenuation to double.
2. The chain reaction of light fading
Worsening of visual experience: Light attenuation means that the amount of light is lower than what is normally needed. After employing LED lights for three years, the lighting renovation project in a given classroom shows that the brightness has gone down from 500lx to 300lx and the number of children with myopia has gone up by 12%.
Increase in energy use that isn't obvious: Users may need to raise the input power to keep the brightness. In one business, the energy use of LED lights with 30% light decay went up by 25%, which meant that the factory had to pay more than 100,000 yuan more for electricity each year.
Safety risks that have built up: When traffic signal lights wear out by more than 20%, drivers can see them from a shorter distance (30% less) and the number of accidents goes up by 18%.
3. Plan for how the industry will respond
Material Innovation: Chips made with gallium nitride (GaN) increase electron mobility, which slows down the rate at which light fades by a third compared to chips made with other materials. After 50,000 hours, the "Hengguang series" LED from a certain company still has 90% of its light output.
Improving heat dissipation: Using microchannel cold plate technology can lower the junction temperature of an LED by 15 ℃. A data center case illustrates that this technology can make lights last 8 years instead of 5.
Smart compensation: Use algorithms to change the driving current dynamically to make up for some of the light loss. One display screen maker's "light attenuation compensation system" has made the display more uniform by 20%.
3, Best Ways to Manage the Whole Lifecycle
1. At the procurement stage, set up a mechanism for evaluating light attenuation.
Ask the supplier for the LM-80 test report (which shows how long the LED lights will last) and the TM-21 calculation data (which shows how long they will last).
Put products with smooth light decay curves at the top of your list. For instance, a certain model of LED only loses 5% of its light after 30,000 hours, which is much better than the industry average of 15%.
2. Usage stage: Set up dynamic monitoring
Set up a network of light sensors to get data on how bright it is right now. This device automatically sends maintenance work orders to a given hospital's hallway lighting system when the light level drops by 15%.
Make a database of light attenuation and study how it changes in different situations. Data from a logistics facility shows that LED bulbs lose brightness 2.3 times faster in dusty places than in clean workshops.
3. Elimination stage: Encourage a circular economy
Recycling rare metals from old LED lights that are no longer working. Using proprietary technique, a recycling company has gotten 98% pure silver out of old lamps for only one-fifth the cost of primary mining.
Fix up parts that can be used again. A particular company will repackage the driver IC from old LED displays for the low-end market, which will cut resource use by 40%.